Art (Thanka)

In general sense, art is mind-made craft which represents feelings, emotions and thoughts of man. There are many varieties in the art which symnbolize the mental turbulence of human beings. It is a wonderful media, which brings down the high ideological thoughts of saints and scholars in pictorial forms. Moreover, the precious culture and civilization of the pat can also be preserved in the form of arts. The Buddhist art of Ajanta and Ellora caves is the prominent example which illustrates the profound doctrines and practices of Buddhism.

Buddhist art is more than of aesthetic nature, because each and every image has esoteric values. Hence it generates more spiritual pleasure than the aesthetic one. Every image is symbolic and every part of the image has a significant and every part of the image has a significant meaning. |Most of the images, e.g. of the Buddha and the st�pas etc., are made for use as sacred objects of religion. Therefore, the Buddhistic art is not a mere creation of the artist's mental exercises. The art of Thankas in particular are regarded to be the records of mystic vision gained by saints or lamas during the concentrative meditation.


The origin of Art

The origin of Buddhist art may be traced back to the lifetime of the Buddha himself. We find many exegetical references to strengthen evidences in the Sutra texts, i.e., Vinaya and Tantra, including Ma�ju�r�mula Kalpa and so on. These scriptures explain how to make the image of deities and spiritual figures. We find some other accounts regarding the origin of Buddhist art which state that on the earnest request of a princess of Singhala, Buddha himself sent his own image painted on the cloth. Moreover, the kings contemporary with Lord Buddha used to send Buddha's Images as precious gifts to their closed friends. Thus, the above accounts prove that the Buddhist art originated in the 6th century B.C.

Buddhism was introduced in the central Tibet and adjacent areas during the 7th century AD. and at the same time the Buddhist art might also have begun. In the beginning the style of art in Tibet might have been purely Indian, but in the course of time there might have occurred certain changes in its style under the influence of the Chinese and Nepalese arts. That is why we find many statues of Avalokite�vara and Maitreya carved out on huge rocks which are in pure G�ndh�ra style of art. Some other statues are also found which are entirely different from the previous ones which closely resemble the modem Tibetan style of art. There emerged many different styles in the Tibetan art such as Sman- bris, Sgasr-bris, Tsang-bris and so on. On the basis of drawing of lines and colouring, the differentiation may be made among them.

The subject matter of Thankas may roughly be classified into the following five categories:

1. The Buddha and Bodhisattvas

The Buddha is the one who attains perfect elightenement by eliminating all kinds of defilements. The Bodhisattvas cultivate the bodhicitta and the awareness of emptiness. They are yet to attain the spiritual perfection. Their sacred figures are visualized with the lineage of spiritual transmission from teachers to disciples in order to take refuge and surrender. Both of them are primary factors to develop spiritual qualities.

2. Yidam

Yidam (I�a Deva) is a chosen deity of the trainee. Yidams are exclusively sambhogak�ya. Yidam represents his particular characteristic expression of Buddha nature. The trainee visualises to identify with his chosen deity which means to identify with his own primordial nature, free from its defiled .aspects. In this practice, the trainee first develops intense devotion towards his guru who facilitates for the trainee to gain experience with guru lineage and then his own yidam. There are different kinds of yidam, e.g . wrathful, peaceful, semi-wrathful figure and so on. Moreover, yidams have both forms- male and female. The male symbolizes the method, viz, compassion, whereas the female represents wisdom, viz, awareness of emptiness. The union of male and female aspects is known as yab-yum (father and mother forms) which is an indication that the skilful action is impossible without unification of wisdom and method. This symbolism denotes the interaction of these two elements as an aspect of enlightenment.

3. Dharmapalas

Dharmap�las are the guardians of the Buddha's teachings and doctrines. Their function is to protect the trainees from deceptions and hidrances. They collect facilities for the trainees, so that they can easily observe the ordinances and make fruitful progress in spiritual practices. They promise to Lord Buddha to protect his teachings and remove the obstructions that comes in the dissemination of his doctrines in the world. Mah�k�la and Mah�k�l� are very famous Dharmap�las in Mah�y�na Buddhism.

4. Ma��ala and St�pa

The basis of Ma��ala is a palace with a central hall having four gates in the four directions. It is a particular mansion in which yidam lives with his consort and entourage. It differs in form according to the nature of yidams. Ma��ala is always necessary when the disciple receives the tantric initiation. Ma��ala is used by the trainees who have been introduced into practice of particular s�dhan�. He practises being equipped with essential ritual objects, viz, vajra, bell and skullcup and so forth. No Tantric path can be developed without depending upon the ma��ala.

St�pa is a three dimensional form which represents the mind of the Buddha. It is considered a sacred object for veneration. It may probably be the oldest form of the Buddhist art. It contains the sacred relics of the Buddha or Bodhisattvas, holy texts and other precious things. There are many variations in the design of the st�pas. The basic features are common, just as the bottom, square base, a domelike form, thirteen tapering, round steps, lotus form, a sun held by the crescent moon. The different parts of the st�pa represent five elements and the various aspects of the spiritual path.

5. The Illustration of the Teachings

Buddha's teachings may also be illustrated through the paintings. The painting of the wheel of life is a unique example which depicts the theme of four noble truths. It portrays how to visualise the afflictions in the mind and store the karmic forces. As a result the sentient beings have to be revolved endlessly in the sa�s�ra. On the contrary, it also depicts the real path which shows how to eradicate the causes of sufferings and attain the salvation from sa�s�ra. There are many other paintings which illustrate Buddha's teachings, viz, The portrayals which demonstrate the Vinaya rules and the paintings depicting how to develop the concentration of mind step by step and so on.

Preparation of Thanka

The Thankas are usually painted on the pieces of canvas. It is put in lukewarm water with glue and lime to wet. In order to dry it, it is The Thankas are usually painted on the pieces of canvas. It is put in lukewarm water with glue and lime to wet. In order to dry it, it is stretched on the thin wooden square frame. Its surface is rubbed with smooth object until it becomes ready for painting. The main guidelines are drawn first just as the border lines, a central perpendicular and two diagonals and so on according to the figures to be sketched. On the basis of them the main lines of figures are drawn with pencil. The background scenery is painted first and all the parts are gradually painted thereafter. Lastly the eyes are painted.

When the painting becomes ready, it is stitched to a narrow yellow silk border, then to a red silk border and finally to a larger border of blue silk in proportion to the size of the canvas. A flat stick is attached to the top of the Thanka to hang it and a heavy cylindrical stick at the bottom to keep it straight and firm. The two ends of the stick are fitted with caps made of gold and silver and other materials. The front part of the Thanka is then covered with wide and colourful silk. It protects the surface of the Thanka from getting damaged by dust and sun light. There are two narrow strips attached to the top bar which hang on the Thanka when the curtain is tucked up.

The Values of the Thanka

The Thanka has no value unless it has no effusion of the divine spirit. So, after completion of the Thanka, there remains the last important task of consecration (prati�h�). It is done by gathering Lamas according to the rites of consecration. The three syllables OM, AH, HUM represent respectively body, speech and the mind. These are respectively inscribed on the back of the painted canvas, on the spot of head, throat and heart. During the consecration the Lamas sit in meditation and recite mantras. The particular deity is invoked and infused into the image. As a result it becomes a religious object. Thus, the Buddhist Thanka painting is totally based on religious themes. Both the patrons and the artists make the painting with spiritual motivation.

In the Thanka paintings the philosophical and mystical ideas are pictorially illustrated to the visual level. Each and every image symbolises deeply rooted spiritual meaning. For instance, the sword of Mu�ju�ri is the symbol of wisdom which is used to destroy the ignorance, the root cause of all the sufferings.

Thanka

Newari Thanka
Newar mores has historically made up in majority of the population of Nepal's kathmandu valley. Newari arts had a great influence on the development of Tibetan paintings. The arts flourished later in the 15th and 16th century. Tibetan reliance in newar style in painting was finally replaced by distinctly Tibetan style. The existence in constant assimilation, adoption of new ideas in a vibrant cultural resulted into two developments in Tibetan paintings in 15th century based on Indo-Newar and primarily Chinese elements. Newari art has the huge influence, evident in style over Tibetan painting.


Tobetian Thankas
In Tibetan terms painting means Thankas which can be scroll and rolled up, painted, embroidered and can be made of patchwork. Common form taken by Thanka is a vertical rectangular shaped. First framed by textile borders usually ( red and yellow) in color and often subsequently mounted on Chinese and indian brocade. Tibetan thankas have very define symphony accomplish into degree of expediency in brilliant lustrous and natural pigment. The origination of Tibetan thanka could be tracked back to 18th century. The Tibetan thankas can be subjected either to the types or icons, Mandala, Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, Guardians and Yidams and Bardo Thanka. Each thanka is considered as a support for meditation, bringing significance not only to pattern and artist, but to all human beings. These art often bespoken for more specific reasons not frequently as a visual supplication to a diety.

Wooden Sculpture In Nepal

Wooden sculpture in Nepal is another art that traces Nepalese culture from its early beginnings right up to modern times. Many visitors to the Katmandu valley are impressed by the numerous extremely intricate and beautiful wooden windows, wooden staue, wooden doors, temple roof-struts and other artifacts carved entirely by hands of Nepalese wood carvers. As wood is obviously more vulnerable to the ravages of time and other art forms, well-preserved specimens only date back to the 14th century and the beginning of the Malla period. From this period onwards, woodcarving became an integral part of Nepalese architecture, some of the best examples being the old royal palaces of Katmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur and a number of different Viharas (monasteries) around the valley.


Nepal has achieved the high level in wood carving arts. Many carved artifacts have been found in the Terai region of the country, thus providing an insight into the religion and culture of these times. As with painting, nearly all-Nepalese sculptures are of a religious character. In addition to the theme, it seems that the artists themselves were also greatly imbued with a feeling of religious devotion. Sculpting wood is a lengthy and delicate procedure that requires great skill. A large piece of art can take up to more than a month to create and several people need to work on it. Crafting the work by hand is sometimes exhausting. The secrets of quality metalwork were kept restricted to a few families. Knowledge of the skill was passed down generation to generation and was guarded from those outside the family circle.

Still today you can find Shilpakars of Kathmandu, Nepal are devoted to their ancient and cultural gift which has been passed them by their ancestors. The wood work has been so perfect that the materials made by the Shilplakars are highly appreciated by all over the world. These Silpakar and Kaisthakar families enjoy a strong local and foreign market for their products. Most of the woodcraft industry today is focussed on providing local people and tourists with collectible items such as picture frames and miniature statuettes. Bungamati, Lalitpur, is one of Nepal's centers for woodwork and more than 350 family groups can be found there involved in the craft. Along with Bhaktapur, these centers produce high quality hand crafted work. However, only a few artists produce large pieces of arts as the market for them is relatively small, they take a long time to complete and require greater skill. Their Excellency of work can be found in most of the parts of Kathmandu valley, which have attracted many tourists since ancient times.

Khukuri

Khukuri (kukri) is a gurkha knife, Khukuri (kukri) is used by almost every Nepalese. Every Nepali has at least one khukuri (kukri) in their house. They use khukuri (Kukri) for different purposes like; kitchenware, cutting wood, decorations and safety purpose. Khukuri (kukri) has awesome cutting power. This knife (khukuri) is very popular in Nepal as well as other country through out the world. But the above definition gives only a glimpse of the Khukuri (kukri). Khukuri (kukri) means a lot more than the above definition. Khukuri (kukri) is not just a knife. It has a strong relationship with the Gurkha Soldiers and Nepalese History.

Khukuri (kukri) is not just a knife of Nepal but is also symbol of the Gurkha soldier, with the help of which Gurkha soldiers paved a way to their fame and courage today they have. The excellent cutting power of Khukuri (kukri) was first experienced by the British in India who had to face it in the battles since 1814 while combating the Gorkha army in western Nepal. From that very moment Khukuri (kukri) established its fame and became legend. So the Khukuri (kukri) is also known by the name of Gurkha knife. In the Gurkha soldier's grip, this small piece of curved steel “Gurkha Knife” becomes an incredibly menacing weapon with which he has demonstrated rare feats of bravery while facing the enemy in many a battlefield. This excellent piece of “Gurkha Knife” also Nepali knife has fought many battles in the Nepalese History and has shown very good reputation. Because of that the Khukuri (kukri) is Nepal’s national knife. The blade of Gurkha soldiers “Gurkha Knife” has its own fame and popularity. All the Nepalese people are so proud of this “Gurkha Knife” that this gurkha knife, Khukuri (kukri) is liked by all the Nepalese people.

Khukuri (kukri) is a medium-length curved knife with comfortable weight each Gurkha soldier carries with him in his uniform and in battle. In his grip, this “Gurkha Knife” or the Khukuri (kukri) it is a formidable razor-sharp weapon and a cutting tool. When his rifle misfires, or when his bullets have run out, a Gurkha unsheathes his Khukuri (kukri) and makes his final "do-or-die" run on the enemy in a fury to finish the job. This scene created the romance and the legends. What this legendary knife the Khukuri (kukri) really did, and still does, is a super-clean slaughter: The enemy tumbles down in two clean pieces- and in surprise! because his is the kindest, quietest death because it is the quickest.

Khukuri (kukri) is the national knife of Nepal, originating in ancient times. More than being just a revered and effective weapon, however, the Khukuri (kukri) is also the peaceful all-purpose knife of the hill people of Nepal. It is a versatile working tool and therefore an indispensable possession of almost every household, especially of those belonging to the Gurung, Magar, Rai and Limbu ethnic groups of central and eastern Nepal. Moreover, apart from the fact that the Khukuri symbolizes bravery and valour and is a Nepalese cultural icon, it also represents an exquisite piece of Nepalese craftmanship and is indeed a unique memento for you to take back home from Nepal.

The blade of the Khukuri (kukri) is made up of steel and the handle is made up of wood, buffalo horn and metals. The Khukuri (kukri) is carried in a scabbard (Dab in Nepali) which is a wooden frame covered with leather and has a protective metal cap over the tip. Some scabbard is wrapped with cotton instead of leather. Some scabbards are even decorated with silver. The scabbard has two pockets to hold the two tiny knives tucked behind it. Karda: A small knife, its main purpose is to cut small things and also work as a skinning knife. Chakmak: A sharpener, the main purpose of this Chakmak is to sharp the Khukuri (kukri) and maintain the sharp edge of the Khukuri (kukri). It can be used as a flint maker also. The Notch (Kaura) in the blade near the hilt of most Khukuri (kukri) serve as a conduit for the blood on the blade to drip out thus prevents it from soiling the hilt, as well as a device for catching and neutralizing an enemy blade. It also represents the Hindu fertility symbol. The Khukuri (kukri) is not only the national knife but also has great religious importance and is worshipped by the Nepalese during the grand Hindu festival Dashain.

The oldest khukuri (kukri) known to exist is the one on display at the National Museum in Kathmandu which belonged to Drabya Shah, the King of Gorkha in 1627. It is, however, certain that the origins of the knife stretch further back. The machira, the cavalry sword of the ancient Macedonians which was carried by Alexander's soldiers when it invaded north-west India in the 4th century BC, closely resembled the khukuri (kukri). The origin of the khukuri (kukri) has also been linked to the development of a form of blade similar to the classic Greek sword or kopis. Others suggest that it originated from a form of knife first used by the Mallas who came to power in Nepal in the 13th century. Still others find similarities in the construction of some Khukuris (kukri) to techniques of sword making found in Japan. The weapon may, however have been developed in isolation Nepalese peasants. Whatever be the roots, Nepal, the Gurkhas and the Khukuri (kukri) are inseperable in reputation.

The fact that khukuri (kukri) is the national knife of Nepal. HimalayanMart try to expose the art and tradation of khukuri to the out side world. The making of a single khukuri (kukri) four men fully occupied for an entire day, sometimes even more. The raw materials for making khukuri (kukuri) -steel, brass, Rose wood, buffalo hide and horn - are first carefully selected. Only the best are utilized. Then only the actual process of making the Khukuri starts. Beating and shaping the steel to exact specifications -both measurements and weight -tempering, polishing and sharpening it, shaping the sheath and encasing it with leather, carving the handle and finally putting everything together are both time and energy consuming.

Everything is done by hand and the only machine used is a lathe for shining the khukuri. What makes HimalayanMart khukuri (kukri) so special !! The same thing which make the knife so revered; four men working a full day to craft each blade; high grade carbon steel; authenticity rather than decoration. These are the real things, not fancified souvenirs peddled by hawkers on the streets. They are honest, powerful and graceful blades, which have the pride of legendary Gurkhas for nearly 200 years and the pride of their owners since times immemorial.Considering the amount of time and effort invested in the making of each khukuri (kukuri), the prices of the khukuries are surprisingly reasonable - They are, therefore, absolute bargains.

We have wide varities and collection of khukuri (kukri) ranges start from small khukuri (kukri)replica called the "Paper knife" to Buff head Sacriifial ones. All khukuris are made of Hi-Carbon Steel using fine raw materials and are crafted by skilled craftsmen known as the "Bishwakarmas(born khukuri makers)". Accoding to khukuri style and nature we have categorized on differenet heading: Army Khukuri, Decorative Khukuri, Dragon Khukuri, Kothimora Khukuri, Miniature Khukuri, Special Khukuri, Village Khukuri, Sacrificial Khukuri etc.

We also have wholesale option if you want these khukuries in bulk (Khukuri online store). Please refer our "Wholesale Buyers" or “Order By Demand” section for detail or call us at 977-1-5547819 or Fax us at 977-1-5545657 or mail us at info@himalayanmart.com

FEW TIPS FOR MAINTAINING KHUKURI
How To Maintain your Khukuri (kukri) ?

* Apply machine/gun oil on the blade of a khukuri (kukri) at least once a month and every time after use. Make sure not to leave any fingerprint on the blade of a khukuri.
* Incase rust develops on the blade of a khukuri (kukri), rub it off with fine sandpaper, clean the dirt using some petrol, wipe it off with a clean cloth and apply oil.
* Use shoe polish for the leather case, brasso for the brass fittings and silvo for silver cases.
* Both sides of the blunt chakmak can sharpen the blade. However, a sharpening stone is recommended


How to unsheathe your Khukuri (kukri) ?
Do not encircle the scabbard with your fingers while drawing out your Khukuri (kukri). This may cause injury. Hold the upper edge of the scabbard with your palm and fingers and then draw the weapon out slowly. In case the Khukuri (kukri) becomes loose when placed in the scabbard (as the leather may open up a bit with use), push the Khukuri (kukri) forward after tucking in the sheath and pull it back a little when unsheathing it
Caution :

* Care should e taken not to expose the khukuri (kukri) scabbard to the sun for a long period of time as heating may help it to shrink a bit and hence making the blade difficult to insert.
* Using the blade of a khukuri on metllic surface and stone etc. should also be avoid.


ARMY KHUKURI (KUKRI)
Ceremonial Khukuri (Kukri)
The Gurkhas carry this Khukuri (kukri) on special occasions like; ceremonial Khukuri (kukri) drill presented before high ranking military officers or VVIP dignitaries. The Gurkha withdraws the khukuri from the scabbard and display out for inspection with their rifle between their knees as a mark of respect to the officers and dignitaries. During the presentation they withdraw the khukuri from scabbard and hold it out for guest inspection. This action is a form of felicitation of the officers and the guests. The blade is also skillfully crafted and recruitment date of each soldier is engraved. A soldier retains this khukuri throughout their army career and is a prize possession after retirement. This standard sized knife is made from highly polished high graded carbon steel and the scabbard is made of best quality patent leather.

Jungle Khukuri (kukri)
This is standard full-sized unpolished khukuri (kukri) used for tactical jungle warfare. This is the training knife for Gurkha soldier. This knife has 10.5” long blade and measure 15” long with handle. The khukuri weights 600 gms and comes with buffalo horn handle and leather case. This is totally unpolished full-sized Khukuri used for jungle warfare. It is training knife for the Gurkha soldier.

Nepal Army Khukuri (kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) is traditionally carried either in war or in civil life. This khukuri (kukri) is issued to Royal Nepal Army (Gurkha Army) and Police Armed force. This khukuri blade is made using highly graded carbon steel with 4” long buffalo horn handle or rosewood and leather case. This knife weights 500 gms. This khukuri is the simplest one which is used in warefare by soldiers and has no other important uses expect in warfare. This is one of the simplest khukuri made in Dharan in Eastern Nepal.

Nepal Police Khukuri (kukri)
Khukuri (kukri) being the national knife of Nepal, it is issued to all Nepalese Forces including the Nepal Police. The security force has a special type of khukuri (kukri) slightly different than the army version. The blade is heavier, more curved and rosewood handle is preferred instead of horn like on the army ones. A Khukuri (kukri) insignia is also fitted at the end cap of the handle to represent Nepal Police. The knife is retained throughout police career and regularly inspected by senior officers. It is the prize collection and reminder of their loyal service to the country after retirement. It is a famous knife because of its close association with the force.

Service No. 1 Khukuri (kukri)
This is the most common and popular khukuri (kukri) amongst the Gurkha soldiers, This khukuri (kukri) is issued to all British gurkha soildiers during enlistment and is retained by them through their arm career. This khukuri (kukri) is used during parade and combat and is regularly inspected by an officer. This khukuri (kukri) measures 15” with the handle and which has a 10.5” long blade. The handle is made of buffalo horn and the sheath of buffalo leather and weighs 700gms.
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World War Khukuri (kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) was originated in Nepal and was later imitated by Indian Gurkha army in Dehradoon during World War II. It was so exclusively used in the war that Nepal could not meet the ever increasing demand hence Dehradoon took over and started producing it in a large scale. This is how it got name “Dehradoone Khukuri”. The sight of this formidable Khukuri (kukri) in the hands of the Gurkha soldiers was enough to bring the enemy at their wit’s ends. The blade is made from reinforced steel used in railway tracks. The handle is usually made of rosewood or horn and the sheath is made of buffalo hind. This khukuri (kukri) weights 800 grams and its blade measures 12” long and has a 5” long handle.
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DECORATIVE KHUKURI (KUKRI)
Chainpure Special Alminium Khukuri (kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) comes from the small village in Eastern Nepal called Chainpur. Its close notch, not found in other knives, signifies its origin. This khukuri has beautifully carved plain Indian rose wood scabbard which is embellished with bras binding. The scabbard made of Indian rosewood symbolizes the craftsmanship of the people of Chianpur. It has a beautiful blade and a unique handle can be made of aluminum. This khukuri (kukri) is not used in warfare’s but is used as domestic weapon by Gurkhas has 10” long highly graded carbon steel blade with 5” Long handle and weighs 600 gms.

Chainpure Wooden Special Khukuri (kukri)
Chainpur, a small village in Eastern Nepal, is the originating place of this Khukuri (kukri). Its close notch, not found in other knives, signifies its origin. It has a beautiful blade and a unique handle can be made of Indian rosewood. The scabbard made of Indian rosewood symbolizes the craftsmanship of the people of Chainpur. It is either plain or beautifully carved or embellished with brass binding which makes it stand apart from other knives. It is not used in war fares but is used as decoration piece or as a domestic weapon by Gurkhas. The length of the blade is 10" with a 5" long handle and weighs 600 grams.

Dhankute Wooden Khukuri (kukri)
Dhankuta is a village located in Eastern part of Nepal and this type of Khukuri (kukri) is made only in this village. Hence it is called "Dhankute Khukuri". Only the skilled craftsmen of this village can make this kind of khukuri. The skilled craftsmen of Dhankuta craft these kinds of Khukuris with rose wood scabbards depicting some national symbols such as King's Crown "Shreepech", National Bird "Danphe", Gurkha insignia "Crossed Khukuris" and the National Fish "Aasla". The handle is also made of rose wood. The scabbard size depends on the size of the horn available. The size of this khukuri (kukri) is 14” long with handle and weighs 600 gms.
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DRAGON KHUKURI (KUKRI)
Bhojpure Dragon Khukuri (kukri)
Bhojpur in East Nepal, from which comes the name of this particular knife, is famous for its Khukuris. This Khukuri (kukri) is slightly bigger and heavier than the standard blade and is not a military issue. The blade is beautifully engraved with dragon. The blade is 11" long and measures 15.5" with handle made up of wood or horn. The Bhojpure Khukuri is a must for most Nepalese to keep it at home. It weighs 600 grams and has a buffalo leather case.

Brass Angkhola Dragon Khukuri (kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) is made in Ankhola village in eastern Nepal. It is similar to the Bhojpure Khukuri, however unlike the Bhojpuri, it is forged in a different manner and is perhaps one of the most difficult to craft. The blade is beautifully engraved with dragon. This khukuri (kukri) has 10.5” long height graded carbon steel blade and 5” long handle made of rose wood and measures 15.5 long. This khukuri (kukri) has a brass handle and weighs 800gms with buffalo leather case.

Kothimora Dragon Khukuri (Kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) is specially made for the retiring British or Gurkha army officers. This khukuri (kukri) whose blade is made of highly graded carbon steel and whose scabbard is highly ornamented using pure silver filigree having a velvet background is presented to the retiring British or Gurkha army officers as a souvenir from his regiment. The cap badge of the regiment is mounted on the scabbard. The blade is beautifully engraved with dragon. The size of the khukuri is 15” long with handle and weighs 750 grams.

Long 18 Dragon Khukuri (Khukri)
This khukuri (kukri) is the second largest knife used for sacrificial ceremonies especially for goats. During the Nepali festival; Dashai, which falls mainly in the month of October, a large number of goats are sacrificed to celebrate the event on a special day called "Mar" (Sacrifice). It is customary for families to purchase a goat locally and sacrifice after the necessary ceremonies are done. This khukuri normal length of the blade is 18" and with handle it is approx. 25" long. On special order the scabbard can be made of wood with Brass or Aluminium handle. The normal knife has a wooden handle with leather (buffalo hide) scabbard. It weighs approx. 1500-2000 grams.
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KOTHIMORA KHUKURI (KUKRI)
Kothimora Special Khukuri
This khukuri (kukri) is specially made for the retiring British or Gurkha army officers. This khukuri (kukri) whose blade is made of highly graded carbon steel and whose scabbard is highly ornamented using pure silver filigree having a velvet background is presented to the retiring British or Gurkha army officers as a souvenir from his regiment. The cap badge of the regiment is mounted on the scabbard. It is a customary to present the outgoing officers with a kothimora as a memento from his regiment to honor him for his loyal and long service. The case is exclusively designed using pure silver filigree with top quality velvet background matching the color of the regiment. The regimental cap badge is also mounted along with a replica of a Gurkha and Khukuri Cross insignia. A silver chain is wrapped around and a shield is located at the front portion as a part of decoration. The high quality blade is slightly longer and heavier than the service type.

Kothimora khukuri (kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) is specially made for the retiring British or Gurkha army officers. This knife whose blade is made of highly graded carbon steel and whose scabbard is highly ornamented using pure silver filigree having a velvet background is presented to the retiring British or Gurkha army officers as a souvenir from his regiment. The cap badge of the regiment is mounted on the scabbard. It is a customary to present the outgoing officers with a kothimora as a memento from his regiment to honor him for his loyal and long service. The case is exclusively designed using pure silver filigree with top quality velvet background matching the color of the regiment. The regimental cap badge is also mounted along with a replica of a Gurkha and Khukuri Cross insignia. A silver chain is wrapped around and a shield is located at the front portion as a part of decoration. The high quality blade is slightly longer and heavier than the service type.
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MINIATURE KHUKURI (KUKRI)
6” Khukuri khukuri (Kukri)
It is a smallest version of khukuri (kukri) (including sharpener and small knife at the back). Though it is not considered as that dangerous weapon bit it is effective as bigger one for doing small work it is also perfect item for tourist to take back home as a gift or as a souvenir from Nepal. . It is very light yet very effective and importantly very easy to transport. It is also the replica of original Nepali Bhojpure khukuri. Because of its cute size it is famous among teens and to give as gifts. It is a good domestic utility tool and highly recommended for camping and trekking because of its easiness to carry around

Biltong Khukuri (Kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) name is named after very popular South African Knife Biltong. Biltong means “Dry Meat” for the South Africans and this knife is for cutting meat. This khukuri is also called pocket knife as it has the perfect size, and combination of steel and sharp edge t fit in inside pocket. This is the smallest blade khukuri can be used exceptionally well as a fruit knife. The length of the blade is 5" long and with the handle is 7" long. The weight is 700 grams and buffalo hide is used for the scabbard while the handle is made of wood.

Khurmi
The shape of this khukuri (kukri) is totally different from actual khukuri. This khurmi is specially used by Nepalese village women for cutting grass in rice field etc. A typical sickle shaped grass cutter called “Hansiya” influences this shape however; Khurmi is given better size and finishing. Since its origin women have been using it for their daily household work and also to safe guard themselves from predators while in woods. Likewise since ancient time rural women have been wearing (using) decorative khurmi (horn/wood scabbard) during cultural ceremonies and festivals. There is no standard size of this knife. The weight varies according to their size. A normal Khurmi weighs 350 grams and has 8" long blade. Khurmis having horn or wooden case have national symbols displayed on it.

Mini Jungle Khukuri (kukri)
This knife is neither too heavy nor too light so it is quite convenient for small household task. This has been named so due to its size. It is very useful in jungle warfare and is on high demand by trekkers and hikers as its handy size makes it easier to carry around and performed jungle tactics effortlessly. It is also used for domestic use and for gardening purpose. It is not a military demand however some recruits prefer it because of its easy size. Some mini jungles are also engraved with dragons using traditional tools for display. The 8" long blade is made of highly graded carbon steel and has a 4" long Indian rosewood handle.

Paper Knife
These are replicas of the original blade and work wonderfully for opening letters or cutting papers as named to this smallest version of the khukuri. They also make neat gifts.The length of the blade is 4" and measures 7" along with the handle. The handle is made of either wood or buffalo horn while the sheath is made of buffalo leather. It weighs 50 grams.
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SPECIAL KHUKURI (KUKRI)
Balance Khukuri
This khukuri (kukri) is beautifully shaped knife and is one of the most difficult one to crafts as it should be made in such a way that the balance of the blade and the handle must be precisely equal. There is saying that if you throw this knife, it will hit the right target. The length is blade is 9” and with the handle is measures 13” long. This khukuri has scabbard made of buffalo hide and weighs 450 grams.

Chitlange Khukuri (Kukri)
This is the newer and nicer version of the Chainpure. The shape of the knife is made similar to that of Chainpure, however with a better touch. The forging of the blade from the tip all the way down to the notch makes the khukuri very special as this is the hardest part of crafting for the skilled craftsman costing more effort and time. The horn or wooden handle is nicely made for much easier grip .The buffalo leather case is given the newer and nicer touch too. The blade is about 13” long and handle is 5". It is made in Chitlang in east Nepal. It weighs around 900 grams.

Ganjawal Khukuri (Kukri)
The blade of this khukuri (kukri) is same as Bhojpure khukuri. The scabbard is made from refined buffalo leather with beautiful design on it. This khukuri not only comes with sharpener and small knife at the back but also with tweezers, ear-picker, chisel, tooth pick and a pouch to keep dust for flint maker. There is always one extra empty hole also to keep pencil, pen, etc.
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VILLAGE KHUKURI KUKRI
Bhojpure khukuri (kukri)
Bhojpur lies in eastern part of Nepal, from which comes the name of this particular khukuri (kukri). The blacksmith of this town became so expert in making khukuri is that in short span of time they made this products famous all over Nepal. It is purely handmade carving done by very skilled craftsmen using only basic domestic tools. This khukuri is slightly bigger and heavier than the standard blade and is not a military issue. The blade is 11" long and measures 15.5" with the handle made of wood or horn .The bhojpure khukuri is a must for most Nepalese to keep it at home. It weights 650 grams and has a buffalo leather case.

Chainpure Khukuri (kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) comes from the small village in Eastern Nepal called Chainpur and its purpose is for decoration. This khukuri (kukri) has closed notch, not found in other knives, signifies its origin. This khukuri has beautifully carved plain Indian rose wood scabbard which is embellished with brass binding. Buffalo leather is used to make the scabbard. The blade is made slimmer and lighter than the army types. A hole in the blade is the trademark of Chainpur village and also symbolizes a footmark of a cow that is believed holy in Nepal. This khukuri is not used in warfare’s but is used as domestic weapon by Gurkhas. The length of the blade is 10" with 5" long handle and weighs 600 grams.

Panawal Dotted Khukuri (Kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) is identical in measurement and weight to the Angkhola The blade measures 11" and the total length with wooden handle is 15". This Khukuri (kukri) however, has a uniquely distinct handle where the metal of the blade in the handle area is flat and not narrow and pointed as in other knives. The blade is therefore visible all around the handle. The handle is joined strongly to the blade with two metal rivets which can also be seen at the sides. This Khukuri (kukri) is of heavy type and weighs 1 kg. It is made in Dharan (East Nepal).

Sirupate Khukuri (Kukri)
This is another popular khukuri (kukri) used by the Gurkhas in the jungle. The knife derives its name from "Siru" which is a slender and narrow type of a leaf. The Blade is designed in the shape of the leaf. The blade is 10.5" long and measures 15" with the handle. It has a wooden handle and the sheath is made of buffalo leather. It weights 500 Grams.
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SACRIFICAL KHUKURI (KUKRI)
Buff Head Khukuri (Kukri)
This khukuri (kukri) is the largest knife made in Nepal. The khukuri (kukri) has a staggering weight of 5 kgs and the blade is remarkably long and measures 40” and 13 “ long handle made of rosewood, while the scabbard is that of buffalo leather. This khukuri is specially used by the skilled person during the sacrificial ceremonies to chop the head of water buffalo hence known as "Buff Head". He has to do it in one blow otherwise the year will bring bad omen for Nepalese. It weighs a staggering 5 kilos.

Long 18 Brass Khukuri (Kukri)
This Khururi (kukri) is the second largest knife used for sacrificial ceremonies especially for goats. During the Nepali festival; Dashai, which falls mainly in the month of October, a large number of goats are sacrificed to celebrate the event on a special day called "Mar" (Sacrifice). It is customary for families to purchase a goat locally and sacrifice after the necessary ceremonies are done. The normal length of the blade is 18" and with handle it is approx. 25" long. On special order the scabbard can be made of wood with Brass or Aluminium handle. The normal knife has a wooden handle with leather (buffalo hide) scabbard. It weighs approx. 1500-2000 grams

Bhaktapur Craft Paper Community development

Bhaktapur Craft Paper Community development through paper production was founded by UNICEF/Nepal in 1981. It has since been developed and expanded by his majesty's government of Nepal (HMGN) in collaboration with UNICEF - Nepal. The expanded project under the name of Bhaktapur Craft Paper Ltd.(BCP), has launched several community development programmes in different parts of Nepal, aiming specifically to improve the quality of life of the poor and underprivileged and enabling the craftsmen and their families to better their lives and revitalize the local economy.


At present, the BCP programmes cover the five district of Baglung, Parbat, Myagdi, Lamjung and Gorkha in the mid-west, and Bhaktapur in central region. BCP invests a substantial percentage of its profits into community development activities in these districts in the areas of water supply, sanitation and school support. BCP has been a model sustainable project, initiated by UNICEF, a self- sustained organization, and working in collaboration with the Small Farmers Development Programme/Agricultural Development Bank, The Department Of Forest and The Department Of Cottage And Small Industries. It has been turned and incorporated inti public ltd. company for its independant and ligal rntity in 2005. BCP has been registered in Nepal Government of Industry department keeping the name "Bhaktapur Craft Paper Ltd.".

Pottery square

Bhaktapur’s two Pottery Squares are world renowned and so are the many potters that can be seen working there on their traditional wooden wheels. The first Pottery Square is located at Talako, some 500m to the southwest of Taumadhi Square, on the way to the Trolley Bus Terminal. Here visitors will find potters giving shape and size to lumps of black clay, and earthenware they make ranges from such household goods as pots and jars to cheap souvenir items as animals and birds. As pottery in Bhaktapur is a family job, visitors may chance upon the entire family doing their parts of work. Right within the complex is a two-floored temple that houses an ornate image of Ganesh, erected in a very traditional way. The pagoda dates back to the 14th century.


Pottery is very clearly what this square is all about. Towards the southern part of Durbar Square lies the pottery square where thousands of potteries are made. Under shady open verandahs or tin-roofed sheds all around the square, potters' wheels spin and clay is moulded. In the square itself, thousands of finished pots sit out in the sun to dry, and are sold in the stalls around the square.

Kamalvinayak

Besides Surya Vinayak two other Ganesh Shrines surround Bhaktapur. One of these Ganesh’s temples is Kamal Binayak, which is located just to the northeast of town, along the Nagarkot road at Kamal Pokhari. This temple of Ganesh, is mostly visited by the local people for the purpose of giving ability to quickly learn and speak their children. Besides, it is also a well known place for its peaceful environment and among youths, couples to spend their idle time. Thee three main attractions of this place is the Ganesh

Suryavinayak

About 2km south of Bhaktapur lies the famous temple of Surya Binayak, which is dedicated to lord Ganesh. The temple is in Shikhara style and is located on a hillock. In the valley are located four popular Ganesh and Surya Binayak is one of them. The Surya Binayak hill looks immensely beautiful and luring during the months of March-April when it is fully covered by Rhododendrons, the national flower of Nepal.

This is a shrine of Ganesh, the elephant-headed God, situated in the beautiful surroundings of Bhadgaon, placed in a sylvan setting to catch the first rays of the rising sun. The view of the city of Bhaktapur is seen from here with snow-capped peaks in the background. Nestled in a thick forest, it is a good picnic spot flanked by many attractive landscapes.

For an easy stroll, go down to the highway past the trolley-bus and then head up hill. From here you can photograph an unbelievable view of the city backed by the movie-like sets of gigantic Himalayan peaks. Past this about twenty minutes lies the Surya Vinayak Ganesh temple. This is an auspicious place to start your exploring around Bhaktapur, because Ganesh is worshipped before starting any new endeavor. Here the elephant headed good is known as the ‘Sun Ganesh’, because this is the first place in the Valley that the sun's rays hit each the Earth morning. People come here to pray if their children are having trouble learning how to speak, or for just about any activity that requires a little luck. At the top of the hill, a steep flight of stairs leads up to the shrine itself, which is set in a shady forest. Ganesh dwells beneath a golden torana and a big white shikhara. Mounted on a pillar in front of his image is a statue of a large and very realistic looking rat, the god’s vehicle.

At the top of the hill, about another five minute walk, is a shrine to Ganesh’s mother, Parvati. Surrounding the temple is a small beautiful forest. People from all over the Valley come and picnic here, especially on Tuesday, Ganesh’s auspicious day and Saturday. Don’t forget to bring Ganesh’s favorite offerings: radishes, ladoo and sesame seed balls.

Map of Bhaktapur

Bhaktapur, one of the three historic cities of Kathmandu Valley, is about 10 miles(16 km) from the heart of the Kathmandu city. Bhaktapur, also known as Bhadgaon, is a medieval town glorified during the Malla era. Nyatapola is the tallest and most popular pagoda temple built by King Bhupatendra Malla.

Batsala Temple

The stone temple of Batsala Devi depicts many intricate carvings; however, it is most famous for its bronze bell, known to local residents as 'the bell-of barking dogs', as when it is rung, all dogs in the vicinity begin barking and howling! The colossal bell was hung by King Ranjit Malla in 1737 A.D. and was used to sound the daily curfew. It is nowadays rung every morning when goddess Taleju is worshipped.

The Statue of King Bhupatindra Malla

This statue showing King Bhupatindra Maila in the act of worship, can be seen placed on a column facing the palace. Of the square's many statues, this is considered to be the most magnificent.

The Palace of Fifty-five Windows

This magnificent Palace was built during the reign of King Yaksha Malla in 1427 A.D., and was subsequently remodelled by King Bhupatindra Malla in the seventeenth century. Among the brick walls, with their gracious setting and sculptural design, is a balcony of fifty-five windows, considered to be a unique masterpiece of woodcarving.

Golden gate

The Golden Gate-The Golden Gate is said to be the most beautiful and richly moulded specimen of its kind in the entire world. The door is surmounted by a figure of the goddess Kali and Garuda (mythical man-bird) and attended by two heavenly nymphs. It is also embellished with monsters and other mythical creatures of marvellous intricacy. In the words of Percy Brown, an eminent English art critic and historian, the Golden Gate is 'the most lovely piece of art in the whole Kingdom; it is placed like a jewel, flashing innumerable facets in the handsome setting of its surroundings'. The gate was erected by King Ranjit Malla and is the entrance to the main courtyard of the palace of fifty-five windows.

The lion gate

The Lion Gate-Dating as far back as 1696 A.D., this gate is guarded on either side by two huge statues of lions. Alongside there are two stone images of Bhairab (the dreadful aspect of Shiva) and ugrachandi (the consort of Shiva in her fearful manifestation)

Bhairab nath temple

Bhairab Nath Temple-This is another pagoda temple of lord Bhairab, the dreadful aspect of Shiva. It stands a short distance away from the temple of Nyatapola and was originally constructed by King Jagat Jyoti Malla on a modest scale. It was later remodelled by King Bhupatindra Malla, a zealous lover of the arts, into what it is now a three-storeyed temple.

Siddha Pokhari

Siddha Pokhari-This is a big rectangular water tank located near the main city gate. It was built during the reign of King Yakshya Malla in the early fifteenth century and is associated with a number of different myths. From this spot a wide range of snowy peaks are visible on clear days.

Culture and Traditions ok Bhaktapur

The cultural traditions of Bhaktapur are no less glorious than its artistic masterpieces. The ancient ritual dances and festivals here are observed with the same fervor and enthusiasm as they were centuries ago. Consequently, the city is still a venue for a great many festivals and cultural dances, many of them as unique as the city itself. While Bhaktapur’s Gai-Jatra (July/August) and the tantrically-inspired Nava Durga Dance (October-June), which is comprised of the city’s protectress deities, are the "only ones of their kinds" in Nepal, the Biska Jatra (April), one of Nepal’s greatest and most exciting festivals, is the only such event observed according to the official solar calendar.

DATTATREYA SQUARE

DATTATREYA SQUARE

The Dattatreya Square is Bhaktapur’s third dazzling gem. The seat of royalty till the 15th century, the area still houses a great number of historic monuments including many wondrous Maths (residential mansions) and temples.

The Dattatreya Temple is the main attraction of the Square. Constructed by King Yaksha Malla, the giant three-storied temple is believed to have been built with the stem of a single tree. Having defied series of calamities, it still bears testimony to the incredible achievement made in those regal days of the Nepalese history.

The Wane Layaku complex, which lies to the south-western corner of the Dattatreya temple, is noted for Bhaktapur’s second Taleju shrine. Enclosed with old houses, the courtyard sees throngs of people, especially during the Mohani (Dashain) festival, when a rare Ghau-batacha (Water Clock) is put on public display. During the Malla Era, the water-clock was used by the then rulers and astrologers for fixing "propitious moments" for commencing and concluding various state and social ceremonies.

The Peacock Window, which is also called the "Mona Lisa of Nepal", is a rare masterpiece in wood. Dating back to the early 15th century, the unique latticed window has an intricately carved peacock in its center. The window adorns the Pujari Math which, with rows of exquisitely carved windows and doors, is equally appealing. The building presently houses the Woodcarving Museum. The museum has a rich collection of unique pieces in wood.

The Brass & Bronze Museum, housed in the historic Chikanpha Math, is the next highlight of the Square. It has a wide collection of bronze and brasswares including the ritual jars, utensils, water vessels, pots, spittoons and similar other household items.

Near the Dattatreya Square is the Wakupati Narayan Temple. Dedicated to Lord Vishnu, the two-storied structure is a unique specimen of pagoda architecture. Next to it is Bhaktapur’s second Pottery Square.

Besides Bhaktapur’s three well-acclaimed Squares, there are many other spots within the expanse where visitors can experience a lot more. The recently-restored Ta-Pukhu (Siddha Pokhari), Ancha-Pukhu, Khancha-Pukhu, Barahi Temple, Lokeswor Mahavihar, Nava Durga Temple, the Terra-cotta Windows at Tuchhimala and Nepal’s largest Shiva Lingum at Hanumanghat are some of Bhaktapur’s monumental glories which tourists visiting this ancient city simply do not like to miss.

Royal Chitwan National Park

Royal Chitwan National Park (RCNP) has long been one of the country’s treasures of natural wonders. The park is situated in south central Nepal, covering 932 sq. km. in the subtropical lowlands of the inner Terai. The area comprising the Tikauli forest - from Rapti river to the foothills of the Mahabharat - extending over an area of 175 sq. km. was declared Mahendra Mriga Kunj (Mahendra Deer Park) by the late King Mahendra in 1959. In 1963, the area south of Rapti River was demarcated as a rhinoceros sanctuary. The area was gazetted as the country’s first national park in 1973. Recognizing its unique ecosystems of international significance, UNESCO declared RCNP a World Heritage Site in 1984.

In 1996, an area of 750 sq. km surrounding the park was declared a buffer zone which consists of forests and private lands. The park and the local people jointly initiate community development activities and manage natural resources in the buffer zone. His Majesty’s Government has made a provision of plowing back 30-50 percent of the park revenue for community development in the buffer zone.

Patan Durbar Square

Patan is probably one of the oldest Buddhist City in the world. It is believed that the city was founded in the 3rd century A.D. Patan is situated on a plateau across Bagmati River. Another name of Patan, is Lalitpur. This city is known for its finest traditional crafts and rich artistic heritage.

Patan is designed and built after Buddhist Dharma Chakra. It is surrounded by 4Stupas as 4 corners of Patan, one at each corner of its cardinal points. These stupas are said to have been built by the famous Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BC. It is also said that the ancient city got its name Lalitpattan after the Lalitadhara forest was cleared by king Biradava. It must be remembered that the name of Patan used by Newars in Yala. It is said that King Yalamber named this city after himself. Before Malla Dynasty ascended the throne in 1480 the Muslim Emperor Sam Suddin Iliyas destroyed the temples and monuments of Patan. When King Siddhi Nar Singh Malla ascended the throne in 1618, he started to rebuild the city and Shrinivas and Yog Narendra Malla made further contributions to it. These days one can see the beautiful palace complex and squares built during the Malla period.

Things to see here are:

Krishna Temple:
The Krishna Mandir is dedicated to lord Krishna and was build by Siddhi Narsingha Malla in 1637. Many writers have considered this temple as and ornament of Patan. This temple was built in Shikhara style, which is considered to be of Indian influence in Nepal. The temple is three storied and important scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata epics have been carved inside the temple. The statue of Krishna lies in the first floor and only Hindus are allowed to go in. It is one of the most visited temples in Patan. On the occasion of Krishna Janmasthanmi (Lord Krishna’s Birthday), thousands of devotees come to the temple. The other importance of this temple is a statue of Garuda)(the vehicle of Krishna or Vishnu) in front of the temple.

Golden Temple:
The Golden Temple or Hiranya Varna Mahavihar is the richest temple in Patan. The temple is just tow minutes walk towards, the north f the Durbar Square. The temple, built in the 12th Century, is popular among the Buddhists of Patan. At the main entrance tow lions are guarding the temple. The building has three roofs with copper golden facades. Inside the temple, there are images of Buddha and Boddisattvas. IN the courtyard, there is a small temple with beautifully decorated pinnacle.

Other interesting things to see here are Mulchowk, Jagat Narayan Temple, Big Bell, Pillar of Yognarendra Malla, Hari Shanker temple, Vishwanath temple, Bhimsen temple, Marga Hiti, and Mani Mandap, Café Pagoda, Kumbheswor Temple, Rato Machhendra Temple, Minnath, Rudra Varna Mahavihar and so on.

Kathmandu durbar square

Kathmandu Durbar Square is one of the major attractions in Kathmandu Valley. The word Durbar Square translated in English as Palace Complex. The Durbar Square, with its old temples and palaces, epitomizes the religious and cultural life of the people.

Interesting things to see here are:-

Kumari (The Living Goddess) Gar:
At the West end of the square, is a beautiful house full of woodcarving of different God and Goddesses. This Palace is three storied and in this palace, lives the very famous living Goddess Kumari. Both Hindus and Buddhists equally venerate her. For Hindus she is the reincarnation of Hindu Goddess Kali. She is equally worshiped by Buddhists because she is chosen from Buddhist family. This shows the harmony between Buddhist and Hindus in Nepal.

Kastha Mandap:
One of the popular temples of Kathmandu Durbar Square is Kashamandap locally knows as Maru Sattal. It is believed that the name of Kathmandu City is derived from the name of this temple. Kastha means wood and Mandap means pavilion. And it is said that this temple is built by one single Sal (sorea robusta) tree. At the center of this temple, one can see the statue of a Hindu God Gorakhnath and in the four corners of the temple one can see Ganesh Statues.

Maru Ganesh:
Small yet the most visited temple of Kathmandu is Maru Ganesh. The people of Kathmandu valley believe that the four Ganesh in four corners of Kathmandu valley protect the peoples living in Kathmandu. Every day people go to worship this temple and especially on Tuesdays one can see a long queue of people waiting for hours to worship. Tuesday is considered the day of Ganesh.

Other interesting things to see here are Mahadev Temple, Shiva Parvati Temple, Bhagwati Temple, Old palace, Saraswoti temple, Krishna Octangular Temple, Big drums, Kal Bhairav, Jagannath Temple, and Taleju Temple etc..

Bhaktapur Durbar square

Bhaktapur Durbar Square is a conglomeration of pagoda and shikhara – style temples grouped around a fifty-five-window palace of brick and wood. The square is one of the most charming valley as it highlights the ancient of the kings perched on top of stone monoliths, the guardian deities looking out from their sanctuaries, the wood carvings in very place – struts, lintels, tympanums, gateways and windows – all seem to form a well orchestrated symphony.

The main items of interest in the Durbar Square are:-

The Lion Gate:
Dating as far back as AD 1696 this gate is guarded on either side by huge statues of lions. Alongside, there are two stone images of (the dreadful aspect of Shiva) and Ugrachandi (the consort of the Shiva in her fearful manifestation).

The Golden Gate:
The Golden Gate is said to be the most beautiful and richly moulded specimen of its kind in the entire world. The door is surmounted by a figure of the goddess Kali and Garuda (the mythical man – bird) and attended by two heavenly nymphs. It is embellished with mythical creatures of marvelous intricacy. In the words of Percy Brown, and eminent English are critic and historian, the Golden Gate is the most lovely pieces of are in the whole Kingdom; it is places like a jewel, flashing innumerable facets in the handsome setting of its erected by King Ranjit Mala and is the entrance of the main courtyard of the palaces of Fifty – five windows.

The Palace Of fifty – five Windows: This magnificent palace was built during the reign of King Yakshay Malla in AD 1427 and was subsequently remodeled by King Bhupatindra Malla in the seventeenth century. Among the brick walls with their gracious setting and sculptural design, is a balcony with fifty-five Windows, considered a unique masterpiece of woodcarving.

The Art Gallery: The Art Gallery contains ancient paintings belonging to the Hindu and Buddhist traditions of various periods and descriptions. This gallery is open everyday except Tuesday.

The Statue of King Bhupatindra Malla: This statue shows king Bhupatindra Malla in the act of worship is set on a column facing the palace. This is considered the most magnificent statue amongh the many statues in the squares.

Dakshinkali

Dakshinkali
The temple of Dakshinkali is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Kali and is one of the most popular places of worship in Kathmandu. Located 22 km from the city center on the southern rim of the valley past Pharping village, the shrine is especially crowded on Tuesdays and Saturdays when animal sacrifices are offered to the deity. According to a mythology the Goddess Durga has killed the demon and drank the blood of animals. This is the reason blood is scarified to her. The temple was built by Pratap Malla during 17th century, but the construction, seems to be very new. The preparation before and after the offering is very interesting to see.

On the way back, we stop at Chobhar gorge. Legend has it that Manjushree cutout the gorge to drain out Kathmandu valley was then a lake. There is a small but picturesque temple of Adinath on the top of a hill. From this top one can have a completed view of snowcapped mountains peaks.

Manakamana Temple(The Goddess of fulfilling the pray)

Manakamana
The temple and small village of Manakamana is situated atop the 1302 metre hill that lies just north-east of the town of Mugling, some three and a half hours by bus east from Pokhara, or about the same time by bus west from Kathmandu. A cable car runs from the cable station of Cheres, just 5 kms east of Mugling to Manakamana in fifteen minutes. It is an exhilarating ride as you pass the river and up two ridges to the top. If you want, you can return by walking down the former well-used track down to its exit on the Gorkha road, just 1 km north of the town of Abu Khareini.

The cable car operates from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., stopping for lunch break from 12.00 p.m. to 13.30 p.m. On Saturdays and holidays it starts operations an hour earlier. The cost is a hefty 10 U.S. Dollars plus 14% tax for foreigners, and R250 plus tax for Nepalese citizens. This is a return fare. Single fares only apply to a sacrificial goat (R140). Hindu devotees believe that a visit to this temple will bring good luck, so expect to see many animal sacrifices at the temple entrance.

There are many simple hotels and lodges in the village, all charging about R100 to R400 per room. Some even advertise hot water in attached bathrooms, but many are run down as there was a hotel building rush a few years ago and now that the cable car operates most people do not spend the night in the village. In the quietest months most restaurants will be closed and food will consist of momos or daal bhat only.
In theory it is possible to walk from Gorkha to Manakamana, passing along the hill-top ridge through forest and paddy, although you would probably need a guide. When I tried to hire a guide for this walk two years ago, the would-be guides were concerned about swollen rivers. So probably this is a walk for the dry season, although it should be an exciting walk of about seven hours or so.

Added note: When the cable car opened in 1998 it was with the understanding that the local people would benefit. Numbers of people visiting the sacred temple have doubled but people walking up the path from Abu Khareini have dwindled to almost zero and scores of lodges and tea houses have lost almost all their business. Perhaps empowered by the Maoists' show of strength against big business, in late August 2001 people from the village stormed the cable car offices and destroyed the computers and ticketing machines. For the first time since they had started operating, the cable cars were silent for almost one week. Even though you can now buy only a return ticket on the cable car, you might like to consider walking up or down the path one way and buy a meal or stay overnight in a lodge en route to help the dwindling trade of people who built their business without the concept that a giant like a cable car industry could destroy them.